Lenses are the eyes of your camera. Whether you're using a DSLR, mirrorless, or even a smartphone with attachable lenses, the lens determines how your image looks — how much fits in the frame, how blurred the background is, and how close you can focus.

Types of Lenses

  • Prime lenses: Fixed focal length (e.g. 50mm). Sharper, lighter, often faster.
  • Zoom lenses: Variable focal length (e.g. 18–55mm). More flexible, great for travel.

Common Lens Categories

  • Wide-angle (10–35mm): For landscapes, architecture, tight spaces
  • Standard (35–70mm): Natural perspective, good for general use
  • Telephoto (70mm+): For wildlife, sports, portraits with soft backgrounds
  • Macro: For extreme close-ups of small subjects

What Do the Numbers Mean?

Example: 50mm f/1.8

  • 50mm = focal length (how zoomed in it is)
  • f/1.8 = maximum aperture (affects brightness and depth of field)

Tips

  • A “nifty fifty” (50mm f/1.8) is a great beginner lens — affordable and versatile
  • Zoom with your feet when using a prime — it builds composition skills
  • Lens choice affects more than zoom — it changes how scenes feel

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